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UbuntuServer22.04LTS在线安装MySQL8.x

1. 安装

1. 官网

官网安装文档：MySQL :: MySQL 8.0 Reference Manual

官网APT在线安装文档：MySQL ：： 使用 MySQL APT 存储库的快速指南

2. 在线安装

# 1.更新源
sudo apt update
# 2. 升级(可选)
sudo apt upgrade
# 3.安装MySQL服务
sudo apt install mysql-server# 4. 看到下面信息则说明安装成功done!
update-alternatives: using /var/lib/mecab/dic/ipadic-utf8 to provide /var/lib/mecab/dic/debian (mecab-dictionary) in auto mode
Setting up libhtml-parser-perl (3.72-5) ...#########################################################################################......................] 
Setting up libhttp-message-perl (6.22-1) ...###########################################################################################...................] 
Setting up mysql-server-8.0 (8.0.31-0ubuntu0.20.04.1) ...#################################################################################................] 
update-alternatives: using /etc/mysql/mysql.cnf to provide /etc/mysql/my.cnf (my.cnf) in auto mode#########################################...............] 
Renaming removed key_buffer and myisam-recover options (if present)
mysqld will log errors to /var/log/mysql/error.log
mysqld is running as pid 1631
Created symlink /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/mysql.service → /lib/systemd/system/mysql.service.
Setting up libcgi-pm-perl (4.46-1) ...#######################################################################################################.............] 
Setting up libhtml-template-perl (2.97-1) ...###################################################################################################..........] 
Setting up mysql-server (8.0.31-0ubuntu0.20.04.1) ...#############################################################################################........] 
Setting up libcgi-fast-perl (1:2.15-1) ...###########################################################################################################.....] 
Processing triggers for systemd (245.4-4ubuntu3.18) ...#################################################################################################..] 
Processing triggers for man-db (2.9.1-1) ...
Processing triggers for libc-bin (2.31-0ubuntu9.9) ...
root@jinshengyuan:/etc/mysql/conf.d# # 5. 查看安装版本
root@jinshengyuan:~# mysql -V
mysql  Ver 8.0.31-0ubuntu0.20.04.1 for Linux on x86_64 ((Ubuntu))

3. 修改密码及设置远程登录

安装完成后默认无密码

1. 设置密码

这里以密码123456举例，最好设置为复杂的密码

# 1.先设置密码
mysql> alter user 'root'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY '123456';mysql> flush privileges;
# 2.设置远程访问
msyql> alter user 'root'@'%' identified with mysql_native_password  by '123456';
mysql> flush privileges;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

2. 设置远程访问

# 方式1：
mysql> GRANT ALL ON *.* TO 'root'@'%';# 方式2：
mysql> use mysql
mysql> update user set host = '%' where user='root';
mysql> flush privileges;

3. 查看认证插件

mysql> use mysql;
Reading table information for completion of table and column names
You can turn off this feature to get a quicker startup with -ADatabase changed
mysql> select host,user,plugin from user;
+-----------+------------------+-----------------------+
| host      | user             | plugin                |
+-----------+------------------+-----------------------+
| %         | root             | mysql_native_password |
| localhost | debian-sys-maint | caching_sha2_password |
| localhost | mysql.infoschema | caching_sha2_password |
| localhost | mysql.session    | caching_sha2_password |
| localhost | mysql.sys        | caching_sha2_password |
+-----------+------------------+-----------------------+
5 rows in set (0.00 sec)

4. 其他配置参考

/etc/mysql/my.cnf

my.cnf配置文件内容如下

[mysql]
# 设置mysql客户端默认字符集
default-character-set=utf8mb4[mysqld]
# 设置3306端口
port = 3306
# 设置mysql的安装目录
# basedir=/home/lab_soft/mysql-8.0.31
# 设置 mysql数据库的数据的存放目录，MySQL 8+ 不需要以下配置，系统自己生成即可，否则有可能报错
# datadir=/home/lab_soft/mysql-8.0.31 #8.0以下版本需要配置数据目录
# 允许最大连接数
max_connections=5000
# 允许最大连接人数
max_user_connections=1000
# 服务端使用的字符集默认为8比特编码的latin1字符集
character-set-server=utf8mb4
# 创建新表时将使用的默认存储引擎
default-storage-engine=INNODB
# 默认使用“mysql_native_password”插件认证解决客户端无法连接的问题
default_authentication_plugin=mysql_native_password

2. 启动和停止

1. 查看运行状态

root@jinshengyuan:~# systemctl status mysql.service
● mysql.service - MySQL Community ServerLoaded: loaded (/lib/systemd/system/mysql.service; enabled; vendor preset: enabled)Active: active (running) since Thu 2022-11-03 09:22:43 CST; 6min agoMain PID: 1876 (mysqld)Status: "Server is operational"Tasks: 38 (limit: 4423)Memory: 361.3MCGroup: /system.slice/mysql.service└─1876 /usr/sbin/mysqldNov 03 09:22:43 iZ2vcaf13jzrdbxaik2h6nZ systemd[1]: Starting MySQL Community Server...
Nov 03 09:22:43 iZ2vcaf13jzrdbxaik2h6nZ systemd[1]: Started MySQL Community Server.
root@jinshengyuan:~# 

2. 开机自启

MySQL服务器在安装后自动启动。 您可以使用 以下命令：

root@jinshengyuan:~# systemctl status mysql

3. 查看默认服务器配置命令

mysqld --verbose --help

3. 登录

sudo mysqlsudo mysql -u root